Incidence and Clinical Manifestations of Breast Milk-Acquired Cytomegalovirus Infection in Low Birth Weight Infants

Dan Miron, Sharon Brosilow, Klari Felszer, Dan Reich, David Halle, Daniel Wachtel, Arthur I Eidelman and Yechiel Schlesinger

Journal of Perinatology (2005) 25, 299−303

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the incidence and clinical manifestations of human breast milk (HMB)-associated acquired cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in small premature infants.

STUDY DESIGN:
A prospective study of premature infants born at or prior to 32 weeks gestation, and or infants weighing 1500 g or less at birth. The babies were divided into two groups: Group 1 included babies of CMV seropositive mothers who received HBM throughout the study period. Group 2 included babies of seronegative mothers or babies that did not receive HBM at all. Urine sample were obtained once weekly from birth until the age of 8 weeks or until discharge and were tested for the presence of CMV-DNA by PCR.

RESULTS:
Four of 70 infants from group 1 (5.7%, 95% CI, 0 to 11%) acquired CMV infection between the ages of 3 and 7 weeks as compared to none of 26 babies in group 2. Only one infected baby had severe CMV disease with complete recovery.

CONCLUSION:
The relative incidence of HBM-associated CMV infection and the severity of HBM-associated CMV disease in premature infants are low.

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